Treatment for retrolisthesis usually starts with conservative, nonsurgical methods focused on relieving symptoms and improving spinal function. Physical therapy plays a central role by strengthening the core and back muscles, enhancing flexibility, and supporting proper posture to reduce strain on the spine. Pain management may involve the use of NSAIDs, muscle relaxants, or corticosteroid injections to decrease inflammation and alleviate discomfort. Activity modification, such as avoiding heavy lifting or prolonged sitting, can also help prevent further stress on the affected vertebrae. In some cases, wearing a back brace may provide temporary support and stability.
If conservative approaches fail to improve symptoms or if there is significant spinal instability or nerve compression, surgical intervention might be necessary. Surgery could involve spinal fusion to stabilize the affected vertebrae and prevent further backward movement, and in some cases, decompression to relieve pressure on nearby nerves. The type and extent of surgery depend on the severity of the displacement, the level of neurological involvement, and the patient’s overall health. Post-surgical rehabilitation, including physical therapy, is essential for regaining strength and mobility and for maintaining spinal alignment over time.
