Epidural steroid injections (ESIs) are a minimally invasive treatment used to manage pain caused by inflammation of spinal nerves, commonly due to conditions like herniated discs, spinal stenosis, or sciatica. In this procedure, a corticosteroid combined with a local anesthetic is injected into the epidural space, which surrounds the spinal cord and nerve roots. The corticosteroid reduces inflammation, while the anesthetic provides immediate but temporary pain relief. By addressing inflammation directly at the source, ESIs help alleviate pain,
numbness, or tingling in areas affected by nerve compression, such as the back, legs, or arms.
Though ESIs don’t cure the underlying condition, they can offer significant temporary relief, lasting from several weeks to several months. This relief can help patients engage in physical therapy and other treatments aimed at addressing the root cause of their pain. The procedure is typically done on an outpatient basis and is guided by imaging (such as fluoroscopy) to ensure precise placement of the injection. Risks associated with ESIs are generally low, but they can include infection, bleeding, headaches, or in rare cases, nerve damage. Repeated injections may be administered if necessary, though they are typically limited to a few per year to avoid potential side effects from long-term steroid use.
