Failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS) is a term used to describe a condition in which patients continue to experience chronic pain or develop new pain after undergoing spinal surgery intended to alleviate back or leg pain. Despite the initial surgery, such as discectomy, laminectomy, or spinal fusion, patients may find that their symptoms persist or even worsen. This can occur for various reasons, including incomplete decompression of nerves, the formation of scar tissue (epidural fibrosis), the development of new herniated discs, or ongoing degenerative changes in the spine. FBSS can significantly impact the patient’s quality of life, often leading to a cycle of additional treatments and interventions.
The management of FBSS can be complex and typically involves a multidisciplinary approach. Treatment options may include physical therapy, medication management, psychological support, and alternative therapies like chiropractic care or acupuncture. For some patients, interventional procedures such as nerve blocks or spinal cord stimulation may be considered to help manage persistent pain. Understanding the underlying causes of FBSS is essential for developing an effective treatment plan and improving patient outcomes. As research continues, efforts are being made to better predict which patients are at risk for FBSS and to improve surgical techniques to minimize the likelihood of postoperative complications.
