A compression fracture occurs when one of the bones in the spine, called a vertebra, collapses or is crushed under pressure. This usually happens in the front portion of the vertebra, which causes it to lose height and take on a wedge-like shape. Such fractures are most often the result of weakened bones, commonly due to conditions like osteoporosis, but they can also happen from significant trauma, such as a fall or accident. The change in the shape of the vertebra can alter the alignment of the spine and affect how weight is distributed across it.
People with a compression fracture may notice sudden or gradual back pain, which can range from mild discomfort to severe pain that limits movement. Over time, multiple fractures can cause the spine to curve forward, leading to a hunched posture known as kyphosis. These fractures don’t just affect physical structure—they can also impact mobility, daily activities, and overall quality of life.
